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The ancient Egypt foundation rituals were
taken every time a religious monument was built; the ceremonies
had a very old origin. The rituals consisted in burring a
foundation deposit under the temple` s corners or at the
individual halls` corners, underneath obelisks, columns and
pylons, at the temple` s apex. These foundation deposits were a
precious information source for Egyptologists. In the
Hatshepsut`s temple from Deir el-Bahri are maybe the most
popular examples of what a foundation deposit means. The temples
has fourteen pits, lined and made of bricks which has a diameter
of one meter and a depth about around 1.5-1.8 meters. Each pit
was placed in crucial points in the temple`s plan. The
foundation deposit included materials that were used at the
temple` s construction as well as food offerings. There were
also amulets, cowroids, models of tools (like lead ore, copper
ore, charcoals), scarabs, travertine jars. The model tools and
the materials for building were introduced inside the deposits
with the role of serving, in a magical way, to the continuing
building in eternity. The foundation deposits had an invaluable
role in the determination of the kings` diet, agricultural
practices and also in the chronologies determination. In the
foundation deposits were found: four tool blades, in the Abydos
temple, as well as one jar of alabaster and one big dish; one
saucer of alabaster, a dozen model tools, twelve jars of
alabaster and one saucer in a vessel in the Koptos temple; two
model saucers in the Amun-Kamutef bargue station in Thebes; 166
camelian beads in a mortuary temple; cups of brown clay and
small in the el-Kab`s temple; five basketwork sieves, four each
of chisel, mallets, wood brick moulds, axe, adze, four oval
circular baskets in the Deir el-Bahri temple` s barque station.
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