There are eight significant periods in the history of
beautiful Egypt:
Between 3100 BC and 525 BC – The ancient Egypt
Between 525 BC and 332 BC – The Achaemenid Egypt
Between 332 BC and 30 BC – The Ptolemaic Egypt
Between 30 BC and 639 AD – The Roman Egypt
Between 639 and 1517 – The Arab Egypt
Between 1517 and 1805 – The Ottoman Egypt
Between 1805 and 1882 – The Mohammad Ali dynasty Egypt
From 1882 till today – The Modern Egypt
In fact, Egypt`s history started long ago before the
Pharaohs, when, almost eight thousands years ago, the proto-berbers
pastors, which were running from the droughty Sahara, found
a refuge on the Nil`s Valley, where they set, merging with
the old inhabitants.
Three millennia later the Pharaohnic Egypt was born, from
the unification of the firsts proto-states. It seems that
the King Menes is the one who made the first kingdom, in
3150 BC, by unifying the Upper Egypt with the Lower Egypt.
For almost three thousands of years, over thirty dynasties
will succeed in the will of a glorious history, that will
see the Egypt master of a part of the Orient, or the will of
a decadent history, when Egypt will be invaded. Beginning
with 332 BC, Egypt will get under the control of the Greek
dynasty of Ptolemies, then, the country became a Roman
colony. In 632, conquered by Arabs, Egypt constitutes the
Fatimid`s Empire`s heart.
The Muslim world`s first power, during the Mamluks, starting
with 1260, Egypt is integrated in the Ottoman`s Empire in
1517. Napoleon Bonaparte marks then the country with his
powerful print, opening it to the Occident. This is
considered to be the beginning of the Egypt`s modern
history.
In the 19th century, under the rule of Mohammed Ali, who
ruled Egypt between 1805 and 1848, Egypt attempted a vast
expansion move in the black Africa, in Arabia, in Syria and
in Turkey. Transformed into a strategic punt, primordial
once the Suez Chanel was inaugurated in 1869, Egypt passes
in 1882 under the Great Britain`s control. In 1922, under
the pressure of a powerful nationalist current, Egypt got
its independency.
In 1952, the monarchy is abolished and in 1954 the Nasser
colonel takes the power. Under his rule, Egypt become the
Arab nationalism`s lighthouse, before making peace, after
numerous conflicts, with the Jewish state.
In 1981, on October 14, the Egypt`s ex vice-president Hosni
Mubarak became the president of the country, after the
former president Anwar Al Sadat was killed in Cairo, eight
days before, in a terrorist attack. Hosni Mubarak was also
injured in this incident. During his presidency, the
economic reforms were made, money capital was invested in
agriculture and industry, and an agreement with the World
Bank was signed.
