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The peace treaty between
Egypt and Israel was signed in 1979, on March 26, as a
result of the Camp David Accords from 1978.
The peace treaty
was signed in Washington DC and it is the first peace treaty
between Israel and one of its neighbors from the Arabic
world.
Since it was founded, in 1948, Israel had a strong
policy of one to one, direct negotiations as a way to
resolve conflicts with the countries from the Arab world but
till the moment when Sadat took Egypt to the negotiation
table no country from the Arab world wanted to discuss with
Israel.
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The historic
agreement obtained by Begin and Sadat brought to
them the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978. This agreement
was not very popular in the Arab countries and also
not so popular in Egypt, the country of Sadat. The
Palestinians and other Arab nations saw the
agreement between Egypt and Israel as a back stab,
like they remained weaker in front of Israel. |
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Sadat started to be unpopular in his own country and
was isolated from the Arab countries; everything
ended with his death (by assassination) in 1981. The
Egypt – Israel peace treaty contains one military
annex, 9 articles, one annex regarding the relations
between the involved parties, security arrangements,
the ambassadors` exchange and other items. According
to the treaty` s terms, both countries had to put an
end to the hostile activities and also to
demilitarize Sinai.
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Israel had to give up
the settlements, military bases, roads and the oil fields of
Sinai and to withdrew to the initial borders. After it was
the target of the military assaults, shipping blockades and
terrorist attacks for so many times, Israel had to make some
big strategic and economic sacrifices when gave up the
Sinai; in stead, Egypt` s efforts to normalize the relation
with Israel were not so big. Between the two countries was
established an international border with permanent
character.
More, a normalization process
started which included the exchange of mutual agreements and
diplomatic representatives in the economy, trade, mail and
tourism areas. After the peace treaty was signed, Egypt
respected all of the commitments, even after the
assassination of the president Sadat by the Muslim
extremists. The other states of the Arab world denounced the
peace treaty and till the Madrid conference from 1991, no
progress was registered regarding the conflict between
Israel and the Arabs.
The treaty`s terms set a not
so fortunate precedent. Egypt attacked Israel 4 times and
lost every time, Israel was attacked 4 tomes and won every
time. And under the treaty of peace Israel came back to
Egypt, its aggressor. This is something unique in the
nations and their warfare` history. The agreement between
Egypt and Israel gave birth to the expectations regarding
all the peace negotiations between the Arab states and
Israel; the Palestinian Arabs as well as the Arab states in
general attempted to destroy it with no success.
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